GM's development of cylinder deactivation technology can quickly reduce fuel consumption
GM is expected to introduce a more advanced quick-discontinuation system within five years, which will allow the engine to undergo a revolutionary upgrade, and in the future, the internal combustion engine ignition operation can be completed according to the actual needs of the cylinder.
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With Dynamic Jump Ignition (DSF) technology, the GMC Yukon Denali-like SUV with V-8 engine can complete engine ignition and smoothly cruise with only two cylinders at high speed. This also increased fuel economy by 21% and CO2 emissions.
Tula Technology, the US Silicon Valley software company, is responsible for developing algorithms for designing DSF technology, while GM and Delphi have invested in Tula Technology and have developed the technology to bring it to the automotive market.
The Delphi CTO said that the first models using DSF technology are expected to hit the road in 2020.
working principle
Conventional cylinder deactivation systems typically operate in the following manner: the V-8 engine shuts down four cylinders and the V-6 engine closes two to three cylinders. The DSF keeps all cylinders in operation and continuously makes dynamic ignition decisions for each cylinder at any time. This also allows the engine to maintain a reasonable operating temperature and smooth operation.
Another major difference is the way the engine throttle system is managed: the gasoline engine uses a butterfly valve at the throttle body to regulate the flow of air into the intake manifold. The position of the butterfly valve is usually closed, which also requires the engine to do more work to complete the suction operation. The DSF keeps the throttle fully open and controls the engine's power by changing the number of cylinders.
When the engine requires higher power output and greater torque, it means that stepping on the accelerator pedal is more laborious and requires a higher proportion of cylinder ignition. DSF technology is similar to implementing variable displacement through software functions.
An SUV equipped with a V-8 engine requires only about 30 horsepower for smooth cruising at high speeds. In this case, the DSF technology is to shut down six cylinders. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency's test standards, its fuel economy has increased by 21%.
Engineers demonstrated DSF technology on a GMC Yukon Denali equipped with a 6.2-liter V-8 engine. When the car is in an idle state, once the acceleration operation is taken, the eight cylinders of the engine are working normally, and the vehicle is also running normally; once the driver's foot is lifted from the accelerator pedal, the number of ignition cylinders begins to decrease. When kept at 65 mph, only two cylinders work, but generate extra noise or vibration. When the driver needs to speed up, the other six cylinders are activated without any hysteresis or other negative effects. .
Improved upgrade
The DSF is suitable for all types and sizes of petrol engines, overhead camshafts or push rods, whether horizontally opposed to V or inline L-type engines, and is also compatible with four or more cylinder engines.
DSF also uses a variety of hardware devices that have been developed to stop cylinder technology. For example, on an engine equipped with a fuel active management system, the cylinder is deactivated by shutting off fuel flow to the valve lifter. On the traditional 16-valve V-8 engine, only 8 valves are equipped with a specific tappet to allow for cylinder breakage. For engines with DSF technology, 16 valves require a specific valve lifter.
Engineers have previously summarized the two advantages of DSF technology: First, improve fuel economy by eliminating pumping losses and optimizing combustion. Each engine speed corresponds to an optimum thermal efficiency value, and minimizing pump loss can increase the dynamic load of the throttle engine. During combustion, the engine combustion system may be optimized to accommodate vehicle operating conditions. Therefore, once the intake/exhaust valves are properly adjusted, the inactive cylinders will not pump air to the engine, allowing the three-way catalyst technology to function adequately.
Second, effective control of vibration and noise. In conventional engine throttling operations, the excitation spectrum is closely related to the engine speed, and the amplitude of the vibration is also determined by throttling. DSF technology can be used to change the torque of the vehicle's powertrain to solve noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) problems in a flexible and systematic way.
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